86 entries show the word’s older form in brackets, before the part of speech, for example:
Apui — (PAN: Sapuy ‘fire’, PC: ʔapuy ‘fire’). Noun. Fire; lamp (apui kơđen).
What the abbreviations mean
- PAN, Proto-Austronesian: the reconstructed ancestor of the Austronesian languages, from Taiwan to Madagascar and the Pacific.
- PC, Proto-Chamic: the reconstructed ancestor of Jorai, Rhade, Cham and their sister languages.
- PMP (Proto-Malayo-Polynesian) and PWMP (Proto-Western-Malayo-Polynesian) name stages in between.
- PAA (Proto-Austroasiatic) marks a word Chamic shares with its Mon-Khmer neighbours in the highlands.
Where they come from
Old forms are copied only from openly licensed scholarly sources, never made up: the Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (Blust and Trussel), Wiktionary’s Proto-Chamic and Proto-Austronesian pages, which follow Thurgood’s work on Chamic, and the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database. A word is given an old form only when the source lists the same Jorai word with the same meaning.
Why they are shown
Old forms show how closely Jorai is tied to its sister languages and to the wider Austronesian family, and they help a reader tell apart two Jorai words that look alike but have different histories.